Positive Commandment 121 (Digest)
Fallen Stalks
"The gleanings of your harvest you shall not harvest; you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger"—Leviticus 23:22.
We are commanded to leave [for the poor] the leket[stalks that fall to the ground in the course of harvesting].
This biblical precept only applies in the Land of Israel.
Unabridged English Text of this Mitzvah »
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> The 121st mitzvah is that we are commanded to leave over leket ;) of grain which have fallen during the harvesting process].
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> The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement,;) "Do not pick up the stalks which fall during harvest. You must leave them for the poor and the stranger.";)
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> This mitzvah is also in the category of lav shenitak l'aseh (a prohibition with a remedial positive commandment), as explained in tractate Makkos regarding pe'ah.;)
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> The details of this mitzvah are explained in tractate Pe'ah.;)
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> The Biblical prohibition applies only in Eretz Yisroel.;)
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> Footnotes
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> This mitzvah applies only if one or two stalks were dropped. If three were dropped together, the owner can take them. See Hilchos Matnos Aniyim, 4:1.
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> 2.
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> Lev. 23:22.
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> The first part of the verse serves as the prohibition, N211. The second part is the positive commandment discussed here.
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> 4.
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> See N210, N214.
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> 5.
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> Ch.4.
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> See note to P120 above.
Negative Commandment 211 (Digest)
Gathering the Fallen Stalks
"You shall not gather the gleanings of your harvest"—Leviticus 23:22.
It is forbidden for the landowner to harvest the stalks that fall to the ground in the course of the harvest; rather they must be left for the poor.
Unabridged English Text of this Mitzvah »
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> The 211th prohibition is that we are forbidden from taking for ourselves the stalks which fall during the harvesting process. Rather, they must be left for the poor.
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> The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement,;) "Do not pick up the stalks which fall during harvest."
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> This mitzvah is also in the category of lav shenitak l'aseh (a prohibition with a remedial positive commandment), as explained regarding pe'ah.;)
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> The details of this mitzvah are explained in tractate Pe'ah.
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> Footnotes
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> Lev. 23:22.
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> See above, N210, N214.
Positive Commandment 123 (Digest)
Defective Grape Clusters
"...you shall leave them for the poor and the stranger"—Leviticus 19:10.
We are commanded to leave the olelot[grape clusters that have not developed normally] for the poor.
This biblical precept only applies in the Land of Israel.
Unabridged English Text of this Mitzvah »
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> The 123rd mitzvah is that we are commanded to leave over for the poor those ;)] grape clusters which are normally;) left in the vineyard during the harvesting process. These are called olelos.
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> The same verse,;) "You must leave them for the poor and the stranger," also refers to this mitzvah, since it follows mention of olelos.
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> The details of this mitzvah are explained in tractate Pe'ah.
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> The Biblical prohibition applies only in Eretz Yisroel.;)
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> In Hilchos Matnos Aniyim 4:17-18, the Rambam defines olelos as clusters which are incompletely formed, either lacking grapes attached to the central stem, or grapes which lie on one another.
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> See Kapach, 5731, note 32 to N212.
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> Lev. 19:10. See above, P120.
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> See note to P120 above.
Negative Commandment 212 (Digest)
Harvesting the Defective Grape Clusters
"You shall not harvest the defective clusters from your vineyard"—Leviticus 19:10.
It is forbidden for the landowner to remove all the grapes from the vineyard in the course of the harvest, rather he must leave for the poor the grape clusters that have not developed normally.
This prohibition applies to vineyards only, not to any other fruit, even those similar to grapes.
Unabridged English Text of this Mitzvah »
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> The 212th prohibition is that we are forbidden from completely harvesting a vineyard.
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> The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement,;) "Do not pick the olelos in your vineyard." You must instead leave them for the poor.;)
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> This law does not apply to other trees, even though they are similar to grapevines. The prohibition,;) "When you beat the fruit from your olive tree, do not go back over it" [is not related to this mitzvah of olelos but] is part of the prohibition against taking shik'cho (forgotten produce).;) From this verse which prohibits taking shik'cho from olive trees we learn that shik'cho applies to all trees. [The law of olelos, however, only applies to grapes.]
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> This mitzvah is also in the category of lav shenitak l'aseh (a prohibition with a remedial positive commandment).
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> The details of this mitzvah are explained in tractate Pe'ah.;)
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> Footnotes
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> Lev. 19:10.
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> See Ibn Tibbon translation.
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> Deut. 24:20.
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> 4.
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> See N214 below.
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> 5.
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> Ch.7, Mishneh 4.